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Michael Roe,
Australia, Britain, and
Migration, 1915 - 1940
Melbourne, Cambridge University
Press, 1995
Australia, spacious sunny home of
the sturdy, hearty Digger, is renewing
the invitation to the people of the
Old Land to come out and help her realise
her proud future as the Britain of the
southern seas.
The story of Australia's post-war immigration
program is well known, but little has
been written about migration to Australia
between the two world wars. This book
is the first systematic study of assisted
emigration from Britain to Australia
during the inter-war years. It looks
at the British and Australian politicians
and bureaucrats involved in the program,
as well as the half-million migrants
who uprooted themselves. The book has
an imperial framework, for, as the above
advertisement implies, the program of
migration took place very much within
the context of Empire.
Yet while their imperial ties were
significant, the book shows that British
and Australian governments followed
their respective interests. For Britain,
migration was part of domestic policy,
a way of dealing with social problems
arising from World War I. Australia
wanted to secure British investment
and meet its own labour needs through
the program, although it was divided
over the benefits of migration. Neither
government had much regard for the migrants
themselves.
Michael Roe shows that between the
wars Australia remained steadfastly
Anglo-Celtic in its make up, and largely
British in its political and cultural
sympathies. Nevertheless, the Anglo-Australian
relationship was rife with contradictions
and these often came to a head in the
debates over migration. Not only is
the book a rich and detailed study of
imperial relations in the 1920s and
1930s, but it describes an important
and overlooked aspect of Australian
political and social history.
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