Dr Jennifer Lavers' research revealed in 2017 that the tiny uninhabited island was polluted with the highest density of plastic debris ever recorded.
Part of the UK’s Pitcairn Islands territory, the island is so remote that it’s usually visited only every five-10 years for research purposes, but its location near the centre of the South Pacific Gyre makes it a focal point for marine plastic debris.
Henderson Island received global attention when Dr Lavers found its beaches were covered with an estimated 38 million pieces of plastic weighing 18 tonnes.
The clean-up expedition, which was driven by the Pitcairn Island community and coordinated by the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, also included research into the impact of debris on hermit crabs, birds and the physical environment.
The data collected will inform understanding of how plastic affects the island’s ecosystem, including analysis of seabird feathers and blood for contaminants, core samples for the presence of nano plastic particles, and valuable new information on whether accumulated debris can alter the physical properties of the beach.
Dr Lavers said the clean-up funded by Pew Charitable Trusts was complicated by the lack of a safe mooring at the most polluted beach, East Beach.
“Cleaning up 2.3 kilometres of beach was a huge physical challenge,” Dr Lavers said.
“Due to the lack of a safe mooring, the 12 members of our expedition had to battle steep cliffs and thick vegetation each day just to reach East Beach from the other side of the island.
But by our last day, after a collective effort of more than 350 hours, we had counted, sorted and bagged all of the large debris items on the beach, including 1,200 fishing buoys, 1.2 tonnes of rope and fishing nets, and two tonnes of rigid plastics such as fishing crates, plastic fragments, and a range of single-use items such as drink bottles.
“Unfortunately, due to the access and mooring issues we weren’t able to load all of the debris onto our ship, and the remainder has been safely stored for a future expedition.”
Dr Lavers said that while beach clean-ups are worthwhile, they are not a long term solution to the problem of plastic debris.
“We estimate that fresh debris equal to the six tonnes that we removed will
reaccumulate on East Beach within 10 years.
“More plastic waste continues to enter oceans and waterways around the world every day, and the logistical challenges our expedition faced highlight the difficulties of undertaking large scale clean-ups, particularly in remote areas.
The most sustainable long-term solution is to promote and invest in ways to prevent plastic from entering the waste stream in the first place.
“It is, therefore, encouraging that governments, the international community and individuals are increasingly taking action to reduce the amount of plastic produced and discarded around the world.
“I thank Pew Charitable Trusts, the Pitcairn and British governments and my fellow expeditioners for making our expedition possible,” Dr Lavers said.
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