Students are enabled to constructively consider Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander issues, histories, cultures and perspectives in the curriculum. The unit has four foci which are integrated: identity/ nationalism, history, ethics, and pedagogy. It considers these foci as they relate to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students, cultural inclusion and racism in educational context of Australian society. The unit enables students to develop their ethical position to recognise that cultural engagement in any classroom is contingent on the teacher's awareness of his/her own cultural positioning and to recognise the institutional political, racial and social power in society. Students are encouraged to critically reflect on the curriculum and the 'hidden curriculum' in school and their impact on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students and cultures engagement in school. The content and reflection enable students to own a position from which to be confident and capable to teach across the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous interface since colonisation and to teach in this area with cultural insight and respect. The unit fosters deep thinking and engagement with ethical issues as well as subject knowledge that are vital to being an effective and transformative teacher capable of fostering restorative justice and reconciliation.