Profiles

Fred Gale

Professor Fred Gale

Fred Gale

Professor in Politics and International Relations Program

Room L113 , Arts Building

+61 3 6324 3376 (phone)

Fred.Gale@utas.edu.au

Fred Gale is a Professor in Politics and International Relations, in the School of Social Sciences. His research focuses on rethinking the discipline of political economy from a sustainability perspective and working through its implications for trade, investment, finance, labour and cultural practices. His new book setting out these ideas The Political Economy of Sustainability, has just been published with Edward Elgar and is available at the below link. He has also undertaken investigations into local, national and global private governance systems, especially those using multistakeholder approaches to develop social and environmental standards. His sectoral expertise is in forestry, fisheries, egg certification, and labelling systems. He is also researching the political economy of sustainable food production and consumption in Tasmania and Australia focusing on the organic wine sector.

Check out my most recent book where you can also read the first introductory chapter:

The Political Economy of Sustainability

(Cheltenham: Edward Elgar 2018)

Biography

Professor Gale undertook a BA in English, Philosophy and Psychology at Trinity College Dublin and then worked in the field of International Development with Voluntary Services Overseas, the Agency for Personal Services Overseas, and the United Nations World Food Program before undertaking a PhD in Political Science at Carleton University Ottawa in the 1990s. He completed his PhD dissertation on the International Tropical Timber Organisation in 1996 and subsequently held positions as Research Associate (Eco-Research Chair of Environmental Policy and Law) and Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Post-Doctoral Fellow (Department of Political Science), both at the University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. In 2000, he took up a position at the University of Tasmania, Launceston where he teaches and conducts research in the Discipline of Politics and International Relations, School of Social Sciences.

Career summary

Qualifications

Degree	Title of Thesis	University	Country	Awarded
PhD	The Ecological Political Economy of Global Environmental Cooperation: A Case Study of the International Tropical Timber Organization in the Making of the Tropical Timber Trade Regime	Carleton University	Canada	1996
MA	Project Evaluation in Five Canadian International Development Service Agencies	Carleton University	Canada	1987
BA		Trinity College Dublin	Ireland	1976

Languages (other than English)

French (basic)
Italian (basic)

Memberships

Committee associations

Australian Political Studies Association (APSA)
International Studies Association (ISA)
Australia New Zealand Society for Ecological Economics (ANZSEE)
Australian International Political Economy Network (AIPEN)

Administrative expertise

University administration (including Assistant Dean of Research, Deputy Head and Graduate Research Coordinator);
Project management (including organising overseas evaluation missions for the UN's World Food Program);
Research management (including managing ARC Discovery grants and Category 1 grants).

Teaching

• Sustainability • Governance • Political economy • International Relations • Global environmental governance • International development • Third World issues • Comparative politics

Teaching expertise

Experienced Honours, MA and PhD supervisor

Teaching experience in

Global Political Economy
Third World development
International Relations

Teaching responsibility

Globalisation, Development and Sustainability (HIR404)
Global Political Economy (HIR307)
Third World Development Politics (HIR309)
Introduction to International Relations (HIR101) (Launceston and Distance)

View more on Professor Fred Gale in WARP

Expertise

Political economy theory
Value theory
Sustainability
Private governance
Forestry politics

Research Themes

Professor Gale's research aligns with the University's research theme of Environment, Resources and Sustainability. His major research interest currently is the development of a political economy of sustainability to reconstruct our understanding of trade, investment, property rights and taxation from a sustainability perspective. This work is building on recent research on value theory and specifically on the need for political economy to abandon value monism in favour of value pluralism. His new book synthesising this research, The Political Economy of Sustainability, will be published by Edward Elgar in July 2018.

In pursuing this new research topic, Fred is building on previous extensive research into the political economy of deforestation and degradation in both tropical and temperate forestry contexts where he has undertaken critical investigations into the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO)'s efforts to promote sustainable forest management and the former Gunns Ltd's plans to establish a pulp mill in Northern Tasmania's Tamar Valley.

Another research focus informing his work on the political economy of sustainability derives from his studies on governance theory and private governance initiatives at the national and global level utilising certification and labelling systems linked to social and environmental standards. Fred has carried out extensive research into the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), as well as schemes such as Responsible Care, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and Fair Trade.

In conducting research, Fred uses qualitative, comparative social science methods, especially literature review, conceptual analysis, theoretical critique often coupled with key informant interviews with experts in specific fields. In collaboration with colleagues in Canada and the UKI, he co-developed a three dimensional approach to governance that enables governance arrangements to be mapped and compared across their political, institution and regulatory aspects. This approach has proved to be especially useful in comparing and contrasting private governance arrangements in forestry and egg production where he has compared the FSC with the Australian Forestry Standard (AFS) and the various egg production labelling schemes operating in Australia such as Egg Corp Assured, RSPCA's Approved Farming Scheme and Humane Choice.

Collaboration

Fred has been involved in several research collaborations with international teams in Canada and the United States. These include:

Paying their fair share, with collaborators in Australia, North America and Europe;
New governance theory, with collaborators in North America and Europe;
Forest certification in developing countries, with collaborators in the United States; and
Forest certification and governance, with collaborators in Canada

Current projects

Theorising the political economy of sustainability, 2017 (in progress);
Certification schemes in Australia's organic wine industry, 2016 (in progress);
Hen welfare and science, Australian Egg Corporation Limited, 2015 (completed);
Sustainable food systems, Institute for the Study of Social Change (completed);
Environmental sensors and new financial markets, Sense-T (completed);
Certification and labelling in the Australian egg industry (completed);
New governance: a three dimensional approach, SSHRC grant (completed);
State responses to forestry and fisheries certification, ARC Discovery grant (completed);

Fields of Research

Environmental Politics (160605)
Environment Policy (160507)
Comparative Government and Politics (160603)

Research Objectives

Consumption Patterns, Population Issues and the Environment (960702)
Trade and Environment (960707)
Political Systems (940203)

Publications

Major publications over the past decade include books and articles on forestry and fisheries certification and labelling schemes and new governance arrangement. Well cited books including my 2006 edited book (with Cashore, Meidinger & Newsom) that investigated certification and labelling in developing countries, then a very under-research area. In 2008, I published a research monograph on the Forest Steward Council (with Tollefson and Haley) that examined in detail FSC's progress for standards development via a case study of British Columbia. And in 2011, I published a major text (with Marcus Haward) comparing state responses to forestry and fisheries certification in Australia, Canada and the UK. I have published numerous articles in international journals including Public Administration, Society & Natural Resources,Global Policy, Environmental Politics and Ecological Economics.

Check out my most recent book where you can also read the first introductory chapter:

The Political Economy of Sustainability

(Cheltenham: Edward Elgar 2018)

Total publications

Highlighted publications

(7 outputs)

Year	Type	Citation
2018	Book	Gale F, 'The Political Economy of Sustainability', Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham, pp. 304. ISBN 978 1 78536 800 4 (2018) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details]
2018	Journal Article	Phillipov M, Gale F, 'Celebrity chefs, consumption politics and food labelling: Exploring the contradictions', Journal of Consumer Culture pp. 1-19. ISSN 1469-5405 (2018) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1177/1469540518773831 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 2 Tweet
2017	Journal Article	Gale F, Ascui F, Lovell H, 'Sensing reality? New monitoring technologies for global sustainability standards', Global environmental politics, 17, (2) pp. 65-83. ISSN 1526-3800 (2017) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1162/GLEP_a_00401 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 8Web of Science - 8 Co-authors: Ascui F; Lovell H Tweet
2011	Book	Gale F, Haward M, 'Global Commodity Governance: State Responses to Sustainable Forest and Fisheries Certification', Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire, pp. 315. ISBN 9780230516632 (2011) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Haward M
2008	Book	Tollefson C, Gale F, Haley D, 'Setting the standard: certification, governance and the Forest Stewarship Council', UBC Press, Vancouver, pp. 387. ISBN 978-0-7748-1437-9 (2008) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details]
2006	Book	Cashore B, Gale F, Meidinger E, Newsom D, 'Confronting Sustainability: Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning Countries', Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Connecticut, pp. 605. ISBN 0-9707882-5-8 (2006) [Edited Book] [eCite] [Details]
1998	Book	Gale F, 'The Tropical Timber Trade Regime', St Martin's Press, New York, pp. 287. ISBN 0-312-21317-4 (1998) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details]

Journal Article

(34 outputs)

Year	Citation	Altmetrics
2020	Beasy K, Gale F, 'Disrupting the status-quo of organisational board composition to improve sustainability outcomes: reviewing the evidence', Sustainability, 12, (4) Article 1505. ISSN 2071-1050 (2020) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.3390/su12041505 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Beasy K Tweet
2020	Ripoll Gonzalez L, Gale F, 'Combining participatory action research with sociological intervention to investigate participatory place branding', Qualitative Market Research, 23, (1) pp. 199-216. ISSN 1352-2752 (2020) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1108/QMR-02-2018-0028 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Ripoll Gonzalez L Tweet
2019	Ascui F, Farmery AK, Gale F, 'Comparing sustainability claims with assurance in organic agriculture standards', Australasian Journal of Environmental Management pp. 1-20. ISSN 1448-6563 (2019) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2019.1682078 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Ascui F Tweet
2019	Mather C, Cummings E, Gale F, 'Nurses as stakeholders in the adoption of mobile technology in Australian health care environments: interview study', JMIR Nursing, 2, (1) Article e14279. ISSN 2562-7600 (2019) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.2196/14279 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Mather C; Cummings E Tweet
2019	Murphy-Gregory H, Gale F, 'Governing the governors: the global metagovernance of fair trade and sustainable forestry production', Politics & Policy, 47, (3) pp. 569-597. ISSN 1747-1346 (2019) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1111/polp.12300 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Murphy-Gregory H Tweet
2018	Mather C, Cummings EA, Gale F, 'Advancing #nursing practice and #digital professionalism needs #leadership by #nurses', HISA Journal Club, 23 November 2018 (2018) [Professional, Non Refereed Article] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Mather C; Cummings EA
2018	Mather CA, Cummings EA, Gale F, 'Preparing the nursing workforce for mobile learning at the point of care', Australian Nursing and Midwifery Journal, 25, (11) pp. 44. ISSN 2202-7114 (2018) [Professional, Refereed Article] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Mather CA; Cummings EA
2018	Mather CA, Cummings EA, Gale F, 'Advancing mobile learning in Australian healthcare environments: nursing profession organisation perspectives and leadership challenges', BMC Nursing, 17 Article 44. ISSN 1472-6955 (2018) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1186/s12912-018-0313-z [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 2Web of Science - 1 Co-authors: Mather CA; Cummings EA Tweet
2018	Phillipov M, Gale F, 'Celebrity chefs, consumption politics and food labelling: Exploring the contradictions', Journal of Consumer Culture pp. 1-19. ISSN 1469-5405 (2018) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1177/1469540518773831 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 2 Tweet
2017	Gale F, Ascui F, Lovell H, 'Sensing reality? New monitoring technologies for global sustainability standards', Global environmental politics, 17, (2) pp. 65-83. ISSN 1526-3800 (2017) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1162/GLEP_a_00401 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 8Web of Science - 8 Co-authors: Ascui F; Lovell H Tweet
2017	Gale F, Baker T, 'Conceptualising code complexes': a case study of harvesting-related codes applying to forest operations in Tasmania, Australia', Forest Policy and Economics, 81 pp. 57-64. ISSN 1389-9341 (2017) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2017.05.002 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Baker T Tweet
2017	Mather CA, Gale F, Cummings EA, 'Governing mobile technology use for continuing professional development in the Australian nursing profession', BMC Nursing, 16 Article 17. ISSN 1472-6955 (2017) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0212-8 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 6Web of Science - 6 Co-authors: Mather CA; Cummings EA Tweet
2015	Gale F, Davison A, Wood G, Williams S, Towle N, 'Four impediments to embedding education for sustainability in higher education', Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 31, (2) pp. 248-263. ISSN 0814-0626 (2015) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1017/aee.2015.36 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 14Web of Science - 11 Co-authors: Davison A; Wood G; Williams S; Towle N Tweet
2014	Gale F, 'Four Models of Interest Mediation in Global Environmental Governance', Global Policy, 5, (1) pp. 10-22. ISSN 1758-5880 (2014) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1111/1758-5899.12105 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 8Web of Science - 7 Tweet
2014	Gale F, 'Australian Forest governance: a comparrison of two certification schemes', Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 21, (4) pp. 396-412. ISSN 1448-6563 (2014) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2014.944591 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 4Web of Science - 3 Tweet
2014	Gale F, Cadman T, 'Whose Norms Prevail? Policy Networks, International Organizations, and 'Sustainable Forest Management'', Society and Natural Resources, 27, (2) pp. 170-184. ISSN 0894-1920 (2014) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/08941920.2013.840875 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 13Web of Science - 13 Tweet
2013	Gale F, 'When interests trump institutions: Tasmania's forest policy network and the Bell Bay pulp mill', Environmental Politics, 22, (2) pp. 274-292. ISSN 0964-4016 (2013) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/09644016.2012.683150 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 7Web of Science - 6 Tweet
2012	Craik N, Doelle M, Gale F, 'Governing information: a three dimensional analysis of environmental assessment', Public Administration, 90, (1) pp. 19-36. ISSN 0033-3298 (2012) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.02002.x [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 6Web of Science - 5 Tweet
2012	Tollefson C, Zito AR, Gale F, 'Public Administration', 90, (1) ISSN 0033-3298 (2012) [Edited Journal] [eCite] [Details]
2012	Tollefson C, Zito AR, Gale F, 'Symposium overview: conceptualizing new governance arrangements', Public Administration, 90, (1) pp. 3-18. ISSN 0033-3298 (2012) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.02003.x [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 37Web of Science - 35 Tweet
2008	Gale F, 'Tasmania's Tamar Valley pulp mill: a comparison of planning processes using a good environmental governance framework', Australian Journal of Public Administration, 67, (3) pp. 261-282. ISSN 0313-6647 (2008) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8500.2008.00586.x [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 13Web of Science - 12 Tweet
2006	Cashore B, Gale F, Meidinger E, Newsom D, 'Forest certification in developing and transitioning countries: part of a sustainable future?', Environment, 48, (9) pp. 6-25. ISSN 0013-9157 (2006) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.3200/ENVT.48.9.6-25 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 29Web of Science - 21 Tweet
2006	Gale R, Gale F, 'Accounting for social impacts and costs in the forest industry, British Columbia', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 26, (2) pp. 139-155. ISSN 0195-9255 (2006) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2005.02.002 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 6Web of Science - 8 Tweet
2004	Bellinger SE, Gale F, 'Models of Community Forestry', Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 11, (1) pp. 65-77. ISSN 1448-6563 (2004) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/14486563.2004.10648599 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 2 Co-authors: Bellinger SE Tweet
2004	Gale F, 'The Consultation Dilemma in Private Regulatory Regimes: Negotiating FSC Regional Standards in the United States and Canada', Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6, (1) pp. 57-84. ISSN 1523-908X (2004) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/1523908042000259686 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 14 Tweet
2001	Gale F, 'Whither the BC Forest Industry? A Review Essay', BC Studies, 130 pp. 105-109. ISSN 0005-2949 (2001) [Letter or Note in Journal] [eCite] [Details]
2000	Gale F, 'Economic specialization versus ecological diversification: the trade policy implications of taking the ecosystem approach seriously', Ecological Economics, 34, (3) pp. 285-292. ISSN 0921-8009 (2000) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00181-6 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 16Web of Science - 14 Tweet
1998	Burda C, Gale F, 'Trading in the Future: British Columbia's Forest Products Compromise', Society and Natural Resources, 11, (6) pp. 555-568. ISSN 0894-1920 (1998) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/08941929809381102 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 7Web of Science - 7 Tweet
1998	Burda C, Gale F, M'Gonigle M, 'Eco-Forestry Versus The State(us) Quo: Or Why Innovative Forestry is neither Contemplated nor Permitted within the State Structure of British Columbia', BC Studies, 119, (Autumn) pp. 45-72. ISSN 0005-2949 (1998) [Refereed Article] [eCite] [Details]
1998	Gale F, 'Cave 'Cave! Hic dragones': a neo-Gramscian deconstruction and reconstruction of international regime theory', Review of International Political Economy, 5, (2) pp. 252-283. ISSN 0969-2290 (1998) [Refereed Article] DOI: 10.1080/096922998347561 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Scopus - 24Web of Science - 22 Tweet
1998	Gale F, 'Constructing Global Civil Society Actors: An Anatomy of the Environmental Coalition Contesting the Tropical Timber Trade Regime', Global Society, 12, (3) pp. 343-361. ISSN 1360-0826 (1998) [Refereed Article] [eCite] [Details]
1998	Gale F, 'Theorizing Power in Ecological Economics', Ecological Economics, 27, (2) pp. 131-138. ISSN 0921-8009 (1998) [Refereed Article] [eCite] [Details] Citations: Web of Science - 22
1997	Gale F, 'Multilateral Misgivings', Alternatives Journal, 23, (4) pp. 6-7. ISSN 1205-7398 (1997) [Letter or Note in Journal] [eCite] [Details]
1996	Gale F, 'The Mysterious Case of the Disappearing Environmentalists: The International Tropical Timber Organization', Capitalism, Nature, Socialism, 7, (3) pp. 103-118. ISSN 1045-5752 (1996) [Refereed Article] [eCite] [Details]

Book

(7 outputs)

Year	Citation	Altmetrics
2018	Gale F, 'The Political Economy of Sustainability', Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham, pp. 304. ISBN 978 1 78536 800 4 (2018) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2011	Gale F, 'Pulp Friction: A Review of the Environmental Assessment of Gunns' Proposed Tamar Valley Pulp Mill', Pencil Pines Press, Launceston, pp. 305. ISBN 9780646545783 (2011) [Edited Book] [eCite] [Details]
2011	Gale F, Haward M, 'Global Commodity Governance: State Responses to Sustainable Forest and Fisheries Certification', Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire, pp. 315. ISBN 9780230516632 (2011) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Haward M Tweet
2008	Tollefson C, Gale F, Haley D, 'Setting the standard: certification, governance and the Forest Stewarship Council', UBC Press, Vancouver, pp. 387. ISBN 978-0-7748-1437-9 (2008) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2006	Cashore B, Gale F, Meidinger E, Newsom D, 'Confronting Sustainability: Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning Countries', Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Connecticut, pp. 605. ISBN 0-9707882-5-8 (2006) [Edited Book] [eCite] [Details]
2000	Gale F, M'Gonigle RM, 'Nature, Production, Power: towards an ecological political economy', Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, pp. 248. ISBN 1-84064-317-X (2000) [Edited Book] [eCite] [Details]
1998	Gale F, 'The Tropical Timber Trade Regime', St Martin's Press, New York, pp. 287. ISBN 0-312-21317-4 (1998) [Authored Research Book] [eCite] [Details]

Chapter in Book

(17 outputs)

Year	Citation	Altmetrics
2019	Gale F, 'Sustainability', The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary International Political Economy, Palgrave Macmillan UK, TM Shaw, LC Mahrenbach, R Modi, and X Yi-Chong (ed), London, pp. 517-533. ISBN 978-1-137-45443-0 (2019) [Research Book Chapter] DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-45443-0_32 [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2018	Gale F, 'NGOs and private governance/certification challenges', Handbook of Research on NGOs, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., A Kellow and H Murphy-Gregory (ed), Cheltenham, UK, pp. 325-342. ISBN 978 1 78536 167 8 (2018) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2018	Gale F, Murphy-Gregory H, 'The legitimacy of private standards: lessons from fair trade and forestry for international tax governance', Business, Civil Society and the New' Politics of Corporate Tax Justice: Paying a Fair Share?, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., R Eccleston and A Elbra (ed), Cheltenham, UK, pp. 247-268. ISBN 978 1 78811 496 7 (2018) [Research Book Chapter] DOI: 10.4337/9781788114974 [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Murphy-Gregory H Tweet
2013	Gale F, 'A Cooling Climate for Negotiations: Intergovernmentalism and its limits', Climate Change and Global Policy Regimes : towards institutional legitimacy , Palgrave Macmillan, Timothy Cadman (ed), UK, pp. 32-47. ISBN 9781137006110 (2013) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2011	Gale F, 'Hard Lessons from Soft Power: Global Environmental Governance and the Pulp Mill', Pulp Friction in Tasmania, Pencil Pine Press, FP Gale (ed), Launceston, pp. 305-322. ISBN 9780646545783 (2011) [Other Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2011	Gale F, 'Planning Tasmania's Tamar Valley Pulp Mill: a Political Economic Analysis', Pulp Friction in Tasmania, Pencil Pine Press, FP Gale (ed), Launceston, pp. 57-78. ISBN 9780646545783 (2011) [Other Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2006	Cashore B, Gale F, Meidinger E, Newsom D, 'Introduction: Forest Certification in Analytical and Historical Perspective', Confronting Sustainability: Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning Countries, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, B Cashore, F Gale, E Meidinger and D Newsom (ed), Connecticut, pp. 7-23. ISBN 0-9707882-5-8 (2006) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2006	Cashore B, Gale F, Meidinger E, Newsom D, 'Conclusion', Confronting Sustainability: Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning Countries, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, B Cashore, F Gale, E Meidinger and D Newsom (ed), Connecticut, pp. 561-592. ISBN 0-9707882-5-8 (2006) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2006	McDermott C, Maynard B, Gale F, Prasetyo FA, Bewang I, et al., 'Regional Overview: Forest Certification in the Asia-Pacific Region', Confronting Sustainability: Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning Countries, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, B Cashore, F Gale, E Meidinger and D Newsom (ed), Connecticut, pp. 25-32. ISBN 0-9707882-5-8 (2006) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2003	Gale F, 'Discourse and Southeast Asian Deforestation: A case study of the International Tropical Timber Organization', The Political Ecology of Tropical Forests in Southeast Asia: Historical Perspectives, Kyoto University Press and Trans Pacific Press, L Tuck-Po, W de Jong, A Ken-ichi (ed), Japan/Melbourne, pp. 236-264. ISBN 4-87698-453-0 (2003) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2002	Gale F, 'Caveat Certificatum: The Case of Forest Certification', Confronting Consumption, MIT Press, T Princen, M Maniates and K Conca (ed), Massachusetts, pp. 275-299. ISBN 0-262-16208-3 (2002) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
2000	Gale F, 'Regulating Accumulation, Guarding the Web: A Role for (Global) Civil Society', Nature, Production, Power: Towards an Ecological Political Economy, Edward Elgar, Fred P. Gale and R. Michael M'Gonigle (ed), Cheltenham, UK, pp. 195-214. ISBN 1-84064-317-X (2000) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
1999	Gale F, 'Greening Ricardo: Toward a Theory of Selective Trade in an Era of Sustainable Globalisation', Gloabalisation and the Ecological Crisis, German Overseas Institute, W Hein and P Fuchs (ed), Hamburg, pp. 153-164. ISBN 3-926953-42-X (1999) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
1999	Gale F, 'Greening Trade: The Next Round of GATT/WTO Negotiations', Green Cuba: Towards a Model of Sustainability for the 21st Century, Jose Marti Press, C Diaz (ed), Cuba, pp. 343-358. ISBN 959-09-0177-8 (1999) [Other Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
1999	Gale F, 'The Greening of Political Economy: An Ecological Political Economic Approach to Production and Consumption', Green Cuba: Towards a Model of Sustainability for the 21st Century, Jose Marti Press, C Diaz (ed), Cuba, pp. 197-218. ISBN 959-09-0177-8 (1999) [Other Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
1998	Gale F, 'Ecoforestry Bound: How International Trade Agreements Constrain the Adoption of an Ecosystem-Based Approach to Forest Management', The Wealth of Forests: Markets, Regulation and Sustainable Forestry, UBC Press , C Tollefson (ed), British Columbia, pp. 342-370. ISBN 0-7748-0682-6 (1998) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]
1998	Gale F, Burda C, 'The Pitfalls and Potential of Eco-Certification as a Market Incentive for Sustainable Forest Management', The Wealth of Forests: Markets, Regulation and Sustainable Forestry, UBC Press , C Tollefson (ed), British Columbia, pp. 278-296. ISBN 0-7748-0682-6 (1998) [Research Book Chapter] [eCite] [Details]

Conference Publication

(19 outputs)

Year	Citation	Altmetrics
2019	Gale F, 'Economic Value Hierarchies in Public and Private Governance: Explaining Australia's Contested Forest Certification Politics', 4th Edition of the International Conference on Public Policy (ICPP4), June 26 - 28, Montreal, Concordia University, Canada, pp. 1-31. (2019) [Non Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2019	Gale F, 'The Circular Economy in (Corporate) Australia: a Preliminary Analysis', 4th Edition of the International Conference on Public Policy (ICPP4), 26 - 28 June, Montreal, Concordia University, Canada, pp. 1-3. (2019) [Non Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2019	Ribeiro-Duthie AC, Gale F, Murphy-Gregory H, 'The innovation of the fair trade movement to foster sustainability aims: a review of fair trade social responsibility and sustainability reports', Simposio Mundial de Sustentabilidade, Conferencia Internacional Bridge 2019, 17-19 September, Brazil ISSN 2316-3038 (2019) [Conference Extract] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Murphy-Gregory H Tweet
2019	Vince J, Gale F, 'Private Governance in Action: The Producer Experience of Organic Wine Certification', APSA Conference 2019, 22nd-25th September, Flinders University, pp. 30. (2019) [Conference Extract] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Vince J Tweet
2018	Mather C, Cummings E, Gale F, 'Mobile learning in nursing: Tales from the profession', Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 29-31 July 2018, Sydney, Australia, pp. 112-117. ISSN 0926-9630 (2018) [Refereed Conference Paper] DOI: 10.3233/978-1-61499-890-7-112 [eCite] [Details] Citations: Web of Science - 1 Co-authors: Mather C; Cummings E Tweet
2017	Gale F, Vince JZ, Farmery A, 'Certification schemes in the Australian organic wine industry', 3rd International Conference on Public Policy (ICPP3), 28-30 June 2017, Singapore, pp. 1-25. (2017) [Non Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Vince JZ; Farmery A
2015	Murphy-Gregory HL, Gale F, 'The Practice of Private Governance: Precedents from Other Policy Arenas', International Public Policy Conference, 1-4 July 2015, Millan, pp. 1-24. (2015) [Non Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Murphy-Gregory HL
2014	Gale F, 'Policy instruments for sustainable consumption: a comparison of United Kingdom and Australian initiatives', Australia New Zealand Society for Ecological Economics 2013 Conference Proceedings, 11-14 November 2013, Canberra, pp. 189-205. ISBN 9781740883986 (2014) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2014	Gale F, 'On the Deep Unsustainability of Actually Existing Liberal Democracy', Proceedings of the 2014 Australian Political Studies Association Annual Conference, 28 September-1 October, Sydney, pp. 1-19. (2014) [Refereed Conference Paper] DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2440366 [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2014	Gale F, 'Global Democratic Corporatism: a Feasible System for Sustainable Earth Governance?', Earth Systems Governance Conference, 28-31 January 2013, Tokyo, Japan (2014) [Non Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details]
2013	Gale F, 'Private Governance Legitimacy: A Comparison of 'Input', 'Output' and 'Hybrid' Approaches', Australian Political Studies Association Conference 2013, 30 September - 2 October 2013, Perth, pp. 1-19. (2013) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2010	Gale F, 'The Schizophrenic State: Australia's response to sustainable forest and fisheries certification. ', APSA Conference 2010: Connected Globe Conflicting Worlds, 27-29 September, 2010, Melbourne University, Melbourne EJ ISBN 978-0-646-54270-6 (2010) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2010	Gale F, 'The Present Consequences of Past Deals: Clientelism, Forest Policy and Tasmania's Tamar Valley Pulp Mill', Refereed Papers, Public Policy Network Conference, 28-29 January, 2010, University of Tasmania, Hobart EJ (2010) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2009	Gale F, 'Planning versus power: Tasmania's forest policy network and Gunn's Tamar valley pulp mill', Australian Political Studies Association Annual Conference 2009, Refereed papers, 27-30 September, Macquarie University, Sydney EJ (2009) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2008	Gale F, 'Global Democratic Corporatism: Earth Governance Beyond States', Proceedings of the Third Oceanic Conference on International Studies, 2-4 July 2008, University of Queensland, Brisbane EJ (2008) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2006	Gale F, 'The Political Economy of Sustainable Development in the Asia-Pacific: Lessons the Forest Stewardship Council Experience', Proceedings of the Second Oceanic Conference on International Studies, 5-7 July 2006, Melbourne, pp. EJ17. (2006) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details]
2006	Gale F, 'Regulating the Market in an Era of Globalisation: Global Governance via the Forest Stewardship Council', Proceedings of the Australasian Political Studies Association Conference, 25-27 September 2006, Newcastle, NSW, pp. EJ22. (2006) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details]
2004	Gale F, Haward MG, 'Public accountability in private regulation: contrasting models of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)', Proceedings of the Australasian Political Studies Association Conference, 29 September-1 October 2004, Adelaide, South Australia EJ (2004) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Haward MG
2002	Gale F, 'The politicisation of market instruments for ecological sustainability: The case of Voluntary Forest Certification in Canada', Proceedings of the Australasian Political Studies Association Jubilee Conference, 2-4 October 2002, ANU, Canberra EJ (2002) [Refereed Conference Paper] [eCite] [Details]

Contract Report, Consultant's Report

(2 outputs)

Year	Citation	Altmetrics
2013	Gale F, 'Certification and Labelling in the Australian Egg Industry', Australian Egg Corporation Limited, North Sydney, NSW, AECL Pub Num.1UT111A (2013) [Contract Report] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
1999	Gale R, Gale F, Green T, 'Accounting for the Forests: A Methodological Critique of Price Waterhouse's Report The Forest Industry in British Columbia 1997', Sierra Club of British Columbia (1999) [Consultants Report] [eCite] [Details]

Year

Citation

Altmetrics

2013

Gale F, 'Certification and Labelling in the Australian Egg Industry', Australian Egg Corporation Limited, North Sydney, NSW, AECL Pub Num.1UT111A (2013) [Contract Report]

[eCite] [Details]

1999

Gale R, Gale F, Green T, 'Accounting for the Forests: A Methodological Critique of Price Waterhouse's Report The Forest Industry in British Columbia 1997', Sierra Club of British Columbia (1999) [Consultants Report]

[eCite] [Details]

Other Public Output

(14 outputs)

Year	Citation	Altmetrics
2019	Brent K, Gale F, Lovell H, McGee J, Peck P, 'Briefing Paper: Exploring Renewable Hydrogen for Tasmania', The University of Tasmania, Tasmania, December, pp. 1-5. (2019) [Report Other] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Brent K; Lovell H; McGee J
2013	Gale F, 'Sustainable development, a contested term'', The Tasmanian Leaders Group (2013) [Report Other] [eCite] [Details]
2013	Gale F, 'Dumbonomics: why Tasmania doesn't need to be lectured by the rest of Australia', The Conversation, Beta, online, 17 August 2013, pp. 1-3. (2013) [Magazine Article] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2011	Gale F, 'Is the Tasmanian forest agreement collapsing?', The Conversation - Beta, Online, 31st May 2011, pp. 1-3. (2011) [Magazine Article] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2011	Gale F, 'The Tasmanian Forest Agreement: Too Close to Collapse?', The Conversation - Beta, Online, 28th July 2011, pp. 1-3. (2011) [Magazine Article] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2011	Gale F, 'Deal or No Deal? Reflections on the Tasmanian Forest Agreement', The Conversation - Beta, Online, 27th June 2011 (2011) [Magazine Article] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2011	Gale F, 'Gunns heading for it's Tasmanian endgame', The Conversation beta, Online, 13th September 2011, pp. 1-2. (2011) [Magazine Article] [eCite] [Details] Tweet
2007	Atkins KM, Coady DA, Crowley CM, Gale F, Henning T, et al., 'Academics lash Lennon 'ethics'', The Mercury, Davies Brothers (News Limited), Hobart, March 24 (2007) [Newspaper Article] [eCite] [Details] Co-authors: Atkins KM; Coady DA; Crowley CM; Henning T; Lawrence PM; Lockwood M; Malpas J; Snell RD; Stamm M; Stokes MD; Stratford E; Warner K; White RD
1997	Burda C, Curran D, Gale F, M'Gonigle M, 'Forests in Trust: Reforming British Columbia's Forest Tenure System for Ecosystem and Community Health', University of Victoria, British Columbia, Report Series R97-2, Jul (1997) [Report of Restricted Access] [eCite] [Details]
1997	Gale F, 'The Greening of Political Economy: An Ecological Political Economic Approach to Production and Consumption', Discussion paper prepared for the International Conference on Environment and Society, Havana, Cuba, D97-5, Jan (1997) [Report of Restricted Access] [eCite] [Details]
1997	Gale F, 'Greening Trade: The Next Round of the GATT/WTO Trade Negotiations', Discussion paper prepared for the International Conference on Environment and Society, Havana, Cuba, D97-6, Jan (1997) [Report of Restricted Access] [eCite] [Details]
1996	Gale F, Burda C, 'Attitudes Towards Eco-Certification in the BC Forest Products Industry', University of Victoria, Canada, Report series R96-3, Dec (1996) [Report of Restricted Access] [eCite] [Details]
1996	Gale F, M'Gonigle M, 'Corporate Responsibility: Yet Another Oxymoron?', Policy Options, Institute for Research on Public Policy, Canada, 10, Dec (1996) [Magazine Article] [eCite] [Details]
1995	M'Gonigle M, Stratford K, Gale F, 'The Business of Good Forestry: A Symposium', Proceedings of a Conference of Practioners, University of Victoria, British Columbia (1995) [Report of Restricted Access] [eCite] [Details]

Grants & Funding

In 2004, with Marcus Haward, I won an ARC Discovery grant ($145,000) to undertake research on certification and labelling in the forestry and fisheries sectors. The project led to several conference publications as well as major book, Global Commodity Governance: State Responses to Sustainable Forestry and Fisheries Certification, with a major international press, Palgrave Macmillan (2011).

In 2011, I won a Category 1 grant with the Australian Egg Corporation Limited to undertake research on certification and labelling in the Australian egg industry ($25,000). This project led to a major report comparing egg certification schemes in Australia across the three governance dimensions of politics, institutions and regulations (https://www.aecl.org/r-and-d/activities/completed-activities/certification-and-labelling-models-for-the-australian-egg-industry/). This study is being followed up by a second that investigates the standards and guidelines approach to hen welfare, the degree to which they are science-based, and whether alternative approaches to hen welfare are feasible. A draft report is under review by AECL.

Funding Summary

Number of grants

Total funding

$833,722

Projects

The influence of diverse demographic, political and value characteristics in group decision-making for sustainability: A pilot study (2019)$8,028

Description: The project investigates the gap between the claims organisations make to be practicing sustainability and macro level indicators showing growing economic volatility, social inequality and environmental degradation.
Funding: University of Tasmania ($8,028)
Scheme: null
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Beasy KM; Gale F
Year: 2019

Renewable Hydrogen (2019)$9,375

Description: This is a partnership project, which focuses on the legal, societal, political and international governance aspects of developing renewable Hydrogen for large-scale export from Tasmania. Renewable Hydrogen is Hydrogen fuel produced by renewable energy-generated electricity (hydro, solar, wind etc), through the process of electrolysis. It can be exported, and/or used locally for energy storage, or transport fuel. The main objective of this project is to scope out and foster College of Arts Law and Education (CALE) expertise in renewable Hydrogen, to prepare for UTAS involvement in an ANU-led Hydrogen Economy Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) bid in 2020.
Funding: University of Tasmania ($9,375)
Scheme: null
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Lovell H; McGee JS; Gale F; Franklin ET; Levitt CJ
Year: 2019

Teaching with Virtue: Peer Learning Circle (2019)$500

Funding: University of Tasmania ($500)
Scheme: null
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Newstead T; Kelder JC; Short M; Gale F; Murray SL
Year: 2019

Taxing Campaigns: A Comparative Study Study of Global Civil Society Activism Targeting Tax Avoidance by High Net Worth Individuals and Multinational Corporations (2017)$8,505

Description: This project scopes the campaigning strategies employed by Australian civil society organisations to contest corporate tax avoidance practices.
Funding: University of Tasmania ($8,505)
Scheme: Grant-CAL Hothouse Research Enhancement Program
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Murphy-Gregory HL; Gale F; Eccleston RG
Year: 2017

Media Messages About Sustainable Seafood: How Do Media Influencers Affect Consumer Attitudes? (2017 - 2019)$85,924

Description: This project will examine media coverage of Australian domestic fisheries sectors to identify: the messages about sustainable seafood prominent in Australian media; the media influencers, strategies, and professional networks underpinning their circulation; and how these messages are understood and interpreted by consumers. This knowledge will be used to inform communication strategies that will ensure clearer sustainability messages, reduce consumer confusion, and improve consumer trust in the Australian seafood industry.
Funding: Fisheries Research & Development Corporation ($85,924)
Scheme: Grant
Administered By: University of Adelaide
Research Team: Phillipov MM; Gale F
Period: 2017 - 2019

Sense-T Stage 2: Sensing Natural Capital - the role of environmental sensor data within new financial markets (2015 - 2016)$329,000

Description: The role of environmental sensor data within new financial markets. Key objective: to provide a standardised approach to the collection and processing of environmental data, informed by both technical feasibility and awareness of the requirements imposed by new financial markets, which is internationally consistent and fit for purpose. The project will convene a Technical Committee to deliver a new draft environmental data accounting standard, to be published for wider international consultation by the end of 2016.The research will position Tasmania at the forefront of international efforts to develop standards to underpin the rapidly-developing areas of natural capital accounting and new environmental markets, thus enabling Tasmanian businesses to continue to innovate new products and services with international market potential.
Funding: National Australia Bank Limited ($20,000); University of Tasmania ($309,000)
Scheme: Grant - Institutional
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Lovell HC; Ascui F; Gale F; Haward MG
Period: 2015 - 2016

Earth System Governance; Complex Architectures, Multiple Agents; Tokyo, Japan (2013)$2,250

Funding: University of Tasmania ($2,250)
Scheme: Grant-Conference Support Scheme
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Year: 2013

Certification and Labelling Models for the Australian Egg Industry (2011 - 2015)$36,946

Funding: Australian Egg Corporation Ltd ($36,946)
Scheme: Grant-Innovation & Efficiency RD&E Open Call
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Period: 2011 - 2015

Pesticide Policy Advisory Group 2 (2008)$25,806

Funding: Forest Stewardship Council Australia ($25,806)
Scheme: Consultancy
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Year: 2008

Setting the Standard: Governance, Certification and the Forest Stewardship Council (2008)$10,000

Funding: Canada Council of the Arts ($10,000)
Scheme: Research publication
Administered By: University of British Coloumbia Press
Research Team: Tollefson C; Gale F; Haley D
Year: 2008

New governance arrangements and sustainable resource management (2008 - 2009)$80,000

Funding: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada ($80,000)
Scheme: Research Development Initiatives - Environment
Administered By: University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Research Team: Tollefson C; Rayner J; Doelle M; Howlett M; Wellstead A; Zito A; Cashore B; Gale F
Period: 2008 - 2009

Governing Gambling: A Comparison of Voluntary Codes (2007)$6,000

Funding: University of Tasmania ($6,000)
Scheme: Grant-Institutional Research Scheme
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Patford J; Gale F
Year: 2007

Pesticide Policy Advisory Group (2006)$26,498

Funding: Forest Stewardship Council Australia ($26,498)
Scheme: Consultancy
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Year: 2006

FSC Plantation Policy Review: Australian stakeholder consultations (2005)$7,870

Funding: Forest Stewardship Council Australia ($7,870)
Scheme: Consultancy
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Year: 2005

Supporting or Sabotaging Sustainable Development? State Policy Responses to Environmental Certification Schemes (2004 - 2006)$145,000

Funding: Australian Research Council ($145,000)
Scheme: Grant-Discovery Projects
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F; Haward MG
Period: 2004 - 2006
Grant Reference: DP0452259

Opportunities and Constraints to Implementing Community Forestry in Tasmania (2004)$7,380

Funding: University of Tasmania ($7,380)
Scheme: Grant-Institutional Research Scheme
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Year: 2004

SSHRC Relationship in Transitions: Forest Tenure Reform in British Columbia (2001)$4,640

Funding: Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada ($4,640)
Scheme: Consultancy
Administered By: University of Tasmania
Research Team: Gale F
Year: 2001

Governance and Forest Certification (2000 - 2001)$40,000

Funding: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and Law Commission of Canada ($40,000)
Scheme: Relationships in transition program
Administered By: University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Research Team: Tollefson C; Gale F; Haley D; Hoberg G
Period: 2000 - 2001

Research Supervision

Fred welcomes postgraduate supervision inquiries in the following areas: sustainability, international development, community governance, global standards organisations, critical political economy, ecological economics, sustainable consumption and production, global environmental politics.

Current

Completed

Current

Degree	Title	Commenced
PhD	The Development and Implementation of Quality Assurance Policies and Procedures in the Higher Education Cector in Australia and Malaysia: Two case studies	2013
PhD	Environmental Policy and Inter-Environmental Conflict. Developing and Testing an Organisation Dichotomy Model	2014
PhD	Explaining Political Reasons for Africas Underdevelopment	2015
PhD	The Political Economy of Food in China	2015
PhD	Remittances From Youth Migration: An assessment of impact on agriculture production and food security in Nepal	2016
PhD	Integrating Policy into Practice: Challenges of decentralisation in empowering communities for environmental protection and sustainable development in Uganda	2017
PhD	Sustainability and Consumer Behaviour: Its constraints and drivers	2017
PhD	The Missing Years: The Tasmanian Aboriginal people 1803-1950	2019
PhD	Food Insecurity Amongst University Students: Causes, consequences and solutions	2019
PhD	Resolving Coastal Tensions or Living with Conflict: What is the fate of Tasmania's rural coasts?	2019
PhD	Theorising and Implementing Governance for the Circular Economy and Just Transition: a comparative study of subnational jurisdictions	2020

Completed

Degree	Title	Completed
PhD	From Climate Change to Climate Action to Climate Justice: An ecological neo-gramscian analysis of ecosocialisms potential Candidate: Evangelia Maria Croeser	2018
PhD	Mobile Learning for Informal Learning and Continuing Professional Development in Australian Healthcare Environments: The status of nursing Candidate: Carey Ann Mather	2018
PhD	The Owl of Minerva: Governing technology in the quest for sustainability Candidate: Dain Wesley Bolwell	2017
PhD	Inclusive Policy Networks for Participatory Place Branding: Enhancing stakeholder engagement using an action intervention methodology Candidate: Laura Ripoll Gonzalez	2017
PhD	Fostering Social Norms for Sustainability: A comparison of two community socioeconomic initiatives Candidate: Robin Krabbe	2016
PhD	Who Benefits? Decentralised Forest Governance through Community Forestry in Nepal Candidate: Biddya Sigdel Baral	2015
PhD	Deconstructing Value Theory in Economics: A trans-disciplinary historical critique of the supply and demand template Candidate: Gerwin Elmar Otte	2014
Masters	Australia's Organic Trilemma: Public Versus Private Organic Food Standardisation Candidate: Stephen Barrie Hall	2011
Masters	The Failure to Combine Economic and Environment Value in Market Price - A Theoretical History Candidate: Denise Elizabeth Swan	2010
PhD	Quality, Legitimacy and Global Governance: A Comparative Analysis of Four Forest Institutions Candidate: Timothy Mark Cadman	2009
Masters	The Political Economy of Currency Transaction Taxes Candidate: Peter Scott Willans	2006